FORECAST:
Is There a Sponsor in the House?
Written by
Martin Grams, Jr.
The
trial-and-error system being an old if frequently painful institution
in the show business (else all stage plays would be hits, and all
radio programs would have an Amos and Andy average in the Crossley
ratings), the Columbia Broadcasting System’s Forecast
series shrewdly dramatized the fact that there is no such phenomenon
as a sure thing. For two
particular seasons, the CBS people enlivened summer’s somewhat
lethargic air waves with a schedule of experimental entertainments
which, to tell the truth, aren’t experimental in the exact sense of
the word, but have nevertheless a refreshing air about them, if only
for the ideas they represented.
The idea is
that neither CBS nor anyone else knew, until they were produced,
whether the programs were any good or not, though they were of course,
hoping for the best. And,
very sensibly, they made a game of it.
Whereas the listener during the busy season was told to take
what he got and, if possible, like it, Forecast
invited criticism. Listening
to the various episodes, one could not help but applaud for Marlene
Dietrich in “The Thousand and One Nights,” and convulsed with
laughter as they listened to the amorous antics of “Mischa the
Magnificent.” (Mischa
Auer, that is.) Whatever
it was that made people bet on horse races or write letters to the
editor, they could file an honest opinion about the programs and then
sat back to await the verdict.
If the
public, in sufficient numbers, liked a Forecast
sample – as they liked “Duffy’s Tavern” during the first
season – the chances were that the fully developed product would be
on the air after the fall semester opened.
On the other hand, a negative response or some hearty, candid
disapproval would prevent a lot of headaches, save a good many
dollars, in the months to come.
Speaking of
dollars, it is giving away no trade secret to say that the producing
company did not do all this out of sheer altruism.
It probably believed in health, but was not in the business for
it. It was looking for
program sponsors as well as for new writing and acting talent.
To a potential sponsor, it said, in effect, “Here is a show
and here is the public reaction to it, and perhaps with a little
play-doctoring and some recasting . . .”
A tryout is a tryout, almost anywhere, with this radio’s
audience enjoys over the theater’s: it paid no $3.30 per seat for a
tussle with the arts in an out-of-town playhouse.
It paid nothing at all, and it sat comfortably at home.
There was a good deal to be said for that.
How much
was to be said for the Forecast broadcasts,
and the public response cannot be found.
Still, if the program did make it to the airwaves for a regular
run, say the highly successful “Duffy’s Tavern,” we can only
suspect the reviews favorable. Take
the episode “The Thousand and One Nights.”
According to the New York Times:
“It had
it’s points, to be sure. It
had Miss Dietrich, whose sultry voice fitted into the pattern of
enchantment evoked by the Rimsky-Korsakoff music; and Miss
Dietrich’s is a voice that can all but live up to even the gaudy
introduction arranged for her in a script not notable for its
understatement. (“Let
her name echo from the furthest mountain top,” said a lackey after a
proper roll of drums.) But
what is virtually a monologue, by Miss Dietrich or anyone else, is
hard to take for an hour, or even the half hour which the successful Forecasts
will have for running-time.”
But not
everything was new. One
of the Forecast broadcasts,
“51 East 51” raised a curtain toward an audience that no doubt,
found it difficult to see anything experimental about it, unless it
was that no one else has heretofore presented a radio sketch called
“51 East 51.” Otherwise,
things were as they usually were in fables about nightclubs, including
the song cues introduced as with a sledge-hammer.
It was described in advance as “a new musical show with
comedy and vice versa” (whatever that meant), but it sounded rather
like vaudeville in its last, unhappy phase, with no more for a plot
than Kay Thompson (“our midnight girl of music”) tormented by a
couple of practical jokers, the while she poured out her unhappy heart
in song. Seems I’ve
heard this before somewhere.
Another déjà
vu was the “Hopalong Cassidy” entrance without William Boyd
playing the role of Hoppy. Clarence
E. Mulford, the creator of the fictional character, sat within
listening distance of his radio set the night Hopalong Cassidy first
rode onto radio, originating from the New York studio.
“I found it interesting,” he was quoted of saying.
“I naturally hope there are more of them.”
Mulford’s agent worked actively to land a sustaining series,
possibly over the NBC station, according to researcher Bernard Drew,
but without success. It
wouldn’t be until William Boyd took over the Cassidy property for
television that the radio market was exploited.
After this Forecast broadcast, Hopalong would never grace the radio waves until
1950. (They were working
on pre-production of the series in 1946, but it still took four years
till the show became a reality.)
The only thing I have yet to solve is the script itself.
Having heard the broadcast years ago, I recalled, half-way
through the program, that the same script was later used for another
western radio broadcast (or perhaps a B-class western picture) because
the plot was not only familiar, but I knew in detail how the ending
was going to turn out without hearing it yet.
Would anyone know if this script was later done on another
Hopalong episode?
The
opinions varied, the critics were pleased or disgusted (whichever
viewpoint the readers of their columns accepted), but one thing
definitely stood in stone. Forecast was a good idea. Though
most were not really experimental – The Columbia Workshop presented more experimental dramas than Forecast
– they were highly entertaining.
With many Hollywood stars backing some of the productions with
their appearances, Burgess Meredith, Herbert Marshall, Duke Ellington,
and even Hedda Hopper included, the program entertained and dazzled
listeners. NBC even began
their own summer audition/pilot series in 1950 entitled Advance
Release offering various stars in various dramas and musical
presentations. Imitation
is often the sincerest form of flattery.
The
following is a broadcast log listing each Forecast
broadcast aired. Keep
in mind that the program had a full-hour time slot and many of these
airings offered two half-hour programs.
A majority of the broadcasts do exist and are in circulation
among collectors, but remain individual recordings.
For the July 29, 1940 broadcast, as an example, the
“Duffy’s Tavern” presentation stands alone on cassette and CD
without “Angel” accompany. Therefore,
I have numbered each presentation as an individual episode, and the
leangth of time they aired.
Both Forecast
series were summer replacements for The
Lux Radio Theatre, heard over the CBS network, Monday evenings
from 9 to 10 p.m., EST.
EPISODE #1
“BATTLE OF MUSIC”
Broadcast on July 15, 1940
Starring: Arlene
Francis, Freda Gibson, Frankie Hyers and Raymond Paige and his
orchestra.
Written for Forecast by George Faulkner.
Directed by George Zachary.
Plot: An entertaining battle of the bands as some people refer to
call such a broadcast, using a symphonic orchestra and a swing band to
play one on one, vying for the title of “the better band.”
Albert Spaulding supplies the violin music. Gordon Gifford and Joe Venuti also perform.
George Zachary, who was presently directing the weekly mystery,
The Adventures of Ellery Queen,
also directed this broadcast. This program never made it as a regular series.
(30 m.)
EPISODE #2
“THE AMERICAN THEATER: THE GENTLEMAN FROM INDIANA”
Broadcast on July 15, 1940
Starring: Frederic
March and his wife Florence Eldridge
Music composed by Lucien Moraweck and conducted by Lud Gluskin.
Plot: Similar to The
Cavalcade of America, this dramatic anthology was supposed to
present a different drama based on historical fact from American
history. But unlike The
Cavalcade of America, this program didn’t last very long at all.
In fact, this was the only presentation.
John Houseman (yes, the same Houseman of famed “War of the
Worlds” broadcast) directed this broadcast, who also wrote the
script, based on the Booth Tarkington novel of the same name, written
in 1899. The story
concerns a crusading newspaper editor and the mysterious “H. Frisby.”
(Small story origin trivia:
Tarkington was born in Indianapolis, Indiana.)
(30 m.)
EPISODE #3
“WHEN YOU WERE TWENTY-ONE”
Broadcast on July 22, 1940
Starring: Jane
Cowl, Joan Edwards, Rush Hughes and Danny Kaye
Plot: This broadcast, a comedy-variety show, a forerunner of that
“wonderful year” idea, presents a nostalgic look back at 1919.
What makes this broadcast interesting is that the script was
written by three people: Sylvia Fine, Nathaniel Curtis, and Ed Forman.
John Tillman was the announcer.
Brewster Morgan was the director.
Lyn Murray composed and conducted the music.
(30 m.)
EPISODE #4
“SUSPENSE: THE LODGER”
Broadcast on July 22, 1940
Starring: Noreen
Gammill, Edmund Gwenn, Joseph Kearns, Herbert Marshall and Lurene
Tuttle
Based on the 1913 novella of the same name by Marie Belloc
Lowndes.
Music composed and conducted by Wilbur Hatch.
Plot: Regardless of what many people (including myself) always
thought, this broadcast is not
really the audition show for the popular, and long-running anthology
of the airwaves. The
proposal for this presentation was to allow Alfred Hitchcock, a film
director who, only a year before, arrived in America to direct movies,
host his own anthology program using adaptations of his many motion
pictures already filmed. The
drama presented here was about a boarding house couple who suspect
that their new lodger is none other than “saucy Jack.”
This episode was an adaptation of the 1926 silent English film
directed by Alfred Hitchcock. Other proposals for future broadcasts were “The 39 Steps”
and “The Lady Vanishes.” Herbert
Marshall and Edmund Gwenn played the starring roles merely for
publicity reasons – they were both the stars of Warner Bros.’
latest picture, Foreign Correspondent, directed by Hitchcock.
Since
Alfred Hitchcock was not yet a household celebrity (that would come in
the mid-fifties with his TV program), none of the listeners knew what
Hitchcock sounded like. So
Joseph Kearns used an English accent and played the role of Hitchcock
himself. The master of
suspense wasn’t even on his own program.
Two years after this broadcast, CBS gave a short summer
time-slot for a proposed series of he same name, which in turn, would
become the Suspense series
horror fans would come to recognize.
The true director of this production remains unknown – they
mentioned Hitchcock but we all know it isn’t true. Part of the
Hollywood lure that now leaves a mystery yet unsolved.
(30 m.)
EPISODE #5
“ANGEL” Broadcast on July 29, 1940
Starring: Elliott
Lewis and Loretta Young
Written for Forecast by True Boardman.
Directed by Glenhall Taylor.
Music composed and conducted by Wilbur Hatch.
Plot: Loretta Young plays a Red Cross volunteer training to be a
nurse, only to find she has to put her talents to the test during a
massive flood. Unlike
episode #2, this broadcast played more like a Cavalcade
of America broadcast, and would have fit the mold.
Dick Joy was the announcer.
(30 m.)
EPISODE #6
“DUFFY’S TAVERN”
Broadcast on July 29, 1940
Starring: Larry
Adler, Mel Allen, Ed Gardner, Gertrude Niesen and F. Chase Taylor
Music supplied by John Kirby and his Orchestra.
Plot: “Duffy’s Tavern, where the elite meet to eat.
Archie the manager speaking.
No, Duffy ain’t here. Oh
– hello Duffy.” The first trip to the tavern, which shortly after, became a
popular long-running comedy series, a short-run television program,
and a 1945 all-star movie. (30
m.)
EPISODE #7
“OF STARS AND STATES”
Broadcast on August 5, 1940
Starring: Nan
Grey, Hedda Hopper, Mary Martin, Ann Miller and Red Ryder
John Boles is the host.
Directed by Charles Vanda.
Music composed and conducted by Wilbur Hatch.
Lud Gluskin is musical supervisor.
Plot: Similar to the concept of Parade
of the States, which aired over NBC from 1931 to 1932, this
program proposed saluting a different state each week and the famous
stars who came from that state. For
this broadcast, a lyrical history of Texas, and it’s historical
aspects including Sam Houston. The
Governor of Texas, W. lee O’Daniel, and some Texas Ranger appeared.
Also in the cast is Kitty O’Neil, Dickie Jones, Virginia
Vail, Donald Barry, and Knox Manning.
(60 m.)
EPISODE #8
“THE LIFE OF THE PARTY”
Broadcast on August 12, 1940
Starring: Fred
Hall, Hildegarde, Cortex Peters, David Ross and Shirley Wayne
Dave Ellman is the host, producer and director.
Plot: A variety program, a cross between Major Bowes and Spike Jones,
this broadcast features Cortez Peters (who imitates a fife and drums
corps and Bill Robinson’s dancing . . . on a typewriter!), a guy who
plays music on a fire extinguisher, David Ross reads poetry, Shirley
Wayne plays the violin wearing heavy gloves, Joseph Julian plays music
by squeezing his hands together, Fred Hall plays silent movie music on
the piano, Hildegarde, The Dodgers Quartet (four Brooklyn ballplayers
including Dixie Walker). (30
m.)
EPISODE #9
“LEAVE IT TO JEEVES”
Broadcast on August 12, 1940
Starring: Edward
Everett Horton, Myra Marsh, Donald Morrison, Alan Mowbray and Helen
Wood
Written for Forecast by Stuart Palmer.
Ken Niles is the announcer.
Music composed and conducted by Wilbur Hatch.
Plot: A proposed situation comedy series based on the characters
created by P. G. Wodehouse. In
this episode, Jeeves tries to get his boss, Bertie Wooster, out of
lady-trouble. For some
reason, I always though this became a short-run summer series but
after checking a few reference works, I can’t seem to find it
listed. Maybe I’m
wrong, but I swear this program later had a short run on radio.
(30 m.)
EPISODE #10
“BACK WHERE I CAME FROM”
Broadcast on August 19, 1940
Starring: Led
Doyle, Clifton Fadiman, Woody Guthrie, Burl Ives and Josh White
Written by Alan Lomax and Nicholas Ray.
Directed by Nicholas Ray.
Plot: The program concerns itself about (of all things), the
weather. Woody sings
about the dust bowl, Burl does his famous “Foggy Dew,” Josh White
does a great sermon about Noah and the ark.
The Golden Gate Quartet and John Henry Faulk also performs.
(30 m.)
EPISODE #11
“EVER AFTER /
TO TIM, AT TWENTY”
Broadcast on August 19, 1940
Starring: Roy
Atwell, Edna Best, Elsa Lanchester, Charles Laughton, Mark Smith and
Richard Whorf
“Ever After” written for Forecast
by Keith Fowler.
“To Tim, at Twenty” written for Forecast
by Norman Corwin.
Plot:
This broadcast was a double feature.
“Ever After” is an amusing comedy about Snow White and
Prince Charming – three years later.
The drama of “To Tim, At Twenty” concerns a letter written
by a doomed man at war, addressed to his son fifteen years in the
future. (30 m.)
EPISODE #12
“JUBILEE”
Broadcast on August 26, 1940
Starring: Duke
Ellington, Wonderful Smith and Ethel Waters
This is one of four episodes not known to exist.
The hour-long version from 1941 exists, but no one has yet been
able to supply a copy of the 1940 version.
Plot: This all-star negro musical variety revue wasn’t successful
the first time around, but when it was redone the year after, the
second time was a charm. (30
m.)
EPISODE #13
“BETHEL MERRIDAY”
Broadcast on August 26, 1940
Starring: Bob
Burleson, Norman Corwin, Howard daSilva, Norman Field, Byron Kane,
Margaret Sullavan, Lurene Tuttle and Paula Winslowe
Based on the 1940 novel of the same name by Sinclair Lewis, and
adapted for Forecast by Helen Dutch.
Music composed and conducted by Wilbur Hatch.
Plot:
In the novel, Lewis used own experiences as a stage actor and a
member of a theater troop end of the thirties-years (among other
things it played the main role in the piece of It Can’t Happen
Here after its novel of the same name).
Despite the obtained facts over the theater the novel remains
as the romance, the component that predominantly uninteresting action
is just as pale. This
on-air audition of a comedy/romance series about a small-town girl
determined to become an actress on the stage.
(30 m.)
SEASON TWO
EPISODE #14
“THE THOUSAND AND ONE NIGHTS”
Broadcast on July 14, 1941
Starring: Marlene
Dietrich
This is one of four episodes not known to exist.
Information about this broadcast can be found in the text
above. (60 m.)
EPISODE #15
“MEMORIES OF MISCHA, THE MAGNIFICENT”
Broadcast on July 21, 1941
Starring: Mischa
Auer and Arthur Q. Bryan
Frank Goss is the announcer.
Written for Forecast by Roswell Rogers and Carl Hertzinger.
Directed by Sterling Tracy.
Music composed and conducted by Wilbur Hatch.
Plot: A situation comedy about a romantic but impoverished Casanova
looking for love and the rent money.
New York Times review: “Things
picked up a little with the advent of Mr. Auer, whose proximity to the
comic spirit is a matter of some debate. That he had the studio audience fairly in stitched there
seemed to be no doubt, unless the studio audience was obeying the
“laugh” sign with special enthusiasm.
This will suggest that Mr. Auer is one of those comedians who
should be seen as well as heard, and very likely there is something in
that theory.” (30 m.)
EPISODE #16
“51 EAST 51”
Broadcast on July 21, 1941
Starring: Erik
Rhodes, Lionel Stander, and Kay Thompson
This is one of four episodes not known to exist.
Information about this broadcast can be found in the text
above. (30 m.)
EPISODE #17
“PIBBY AND THE HOULIHANS”
Broadcast on July 28, 1941
Starring: Dudley
Digges
Written for Forecast by George Corey.
Directed by Earle McGill.
Music composed and conducted by Charles Paul.
Plot: An Irish situation comedy, in which Pibby thinks he’s
inherited a fortune, but not quite.
Charles Paul, who also supplied organ music for radio’s Quiet,
Please, supplies the musical effects for this broadcast, using old
Irish tunes to help create the setting.
(30 m.)
EPISODE #18
“DEDUCTIONS DELUXE: THE MYSTERY OF THE PAINTED POODLE”
Broadcast on July 28, 1941
Starring: Verna
Felton, Adolphe Menjou, Vera Teasdale and Arthur Q. Bryan
Frank Goss is the announcer.
Music composed and conducted by Wilbur Hatch.
Plot: “Deductions Deluze” was a mystery program co-created by
Keith Fowler and Frank Galen, who also co-wrote the script, and whom
both received director credit! In
the supporting cast were Jerry Moore, Edwin Max and Kathleen Fitz.
(30 m.)
EPISODE #19
“SONG WITHOUT END”
Broadcast on August 4, 1941
Starring: Burgess
Meredith and Margo
Plot: This program featured the dramatized version of the life of
Claude Achille Debussy. A
recording of this broadcast is supposed to exist, but I have yet been
able to acquire a recording. So
I have to rely on a letter to the editor of a newspaper, from August
19, so we can get an idea of what the broadcast was about.
“The text was full, rounded; the dialogue was lyrical and
tenderly poetic without becoming melodramatic or sentimental.
The incidents of the life chosen were fictitious, whether
fictionalized or not; this latter point I’ve been unable to check. The cuing-in of Debussy’s own music to motivate and augment
the action was, except for one-time lag, perfect, and the
orchestrations and choices in the best of taste.
Lastly, one cannot comment on the great work of Burgess
Meredith in his portrayal of Debussy.”
(60 m.)
EPISODE #20
“CLASS OF ‘41”
Broadcast on August 11, 1941
Starring: Jim
Backus, Abe Burrows, Gwen Davies and Arnold Stang
Jackson Wheeler was the announcer.
Music composed and conducted by Perry Lafferty.
Plot: A revue of “newcomers to showbiz,” with performers
writing this own material, and introducing them to the radio audience.
Al Bernie, Ben Little, Jack Jordan, and The Choralites also
supplied the entertainment. Jim
Backus wrote his own material for his performance.
Sid Rogers, Herb Rickles, Larry Berns, Sid Garfield were also
writers. Abe Burrows
actually co-produced this episode with Mac Benoff. Lyn Murray and his Orchestra supplied some music.
One interesting piece of trivia is a young Ernest Lehman being
one of the writers. Lehman
would later write script for major Hollywood films, including the
Hitchcock picture North by
Northwest in 1959. (30
m.)
EPISODE #21
“HOPALONG CASSIDY”
Broadcast on August 11, 1941
Starring: Lou
Merrill and Gerald Mohr
Information about this broadcast can be found in the text
above. (30 m.)
EPISODE #22
“THE COUNTRY LAWYER”
Broadcast on August 18, 1941
Starring: Edgar
Barrier, Bea Benaderet, Arthur Q. Bryan, Berry Kroeger, Grace Leonard,
Knox Manning and Edwin Max
Art Gilmore was the announcer.
Written for Forecast by Harold Medford.
Produced and directed by Charles Vanda.
Music composed and conducted by Wilbur Hatch.
Plot: A story about a rural lawyer named Samuel Seldon Partridge in
mid-America during the 1880’s.
An eccentric old timer is accused of being a firebug. In the supporting cast: Benny Rubin, Earle Ross, Edgar
Barrier, Jerry Hausner, Joseph Kearns and Kathleen Fitz. Hollywood actor Raymond Massey was the narrator.
Harold Medford was also a Technical Sergeant for this
broadcast. Frank Graham
was the host. (30 m.)
EPISODE #23
“THREE WISHES”
Broadcast on August 25, 1941
Starring: Lynn
Fontaine, Alfred Lunt and Paul Robeson
This is one of four episodes not known to exist.
Plot: Here’s an old idea still appealing. Presented, like the others in the series, as a sample,
“Three Wishes” presented scenes and songs and people that you once
saw and cherished in the theater and would like to hear again.
It seems Alexander Woollcott suggested this notion, the sample
consisted of his personal selections.
The Sage of Bomoseen nominated “If Men Played Cards As Women
Do,” an old sketch of George S. Kaufman’s.
Also presented was “Sometimes I Feel Like a Motherless
Child” sung by Paul Robeson. The
last scene of Maxwell Anderson’s “Elizabeth the Queen” was
played memorably by Alfred Lunt and Lynn Fontaine.
(30 m.)
EPISODE #24
“SEARCH FOR A SPONSOR: A TOUR OF HOLLYWOOD”
Broadcast
on August 25, 1941
Starring: Bert
Lahr, Tony Martin and Linda Ware
Written for
Forecast by Sam Perrin.
Directed by
Herb Polesie, who also conceived the idea of this program.
Music
supplied by David Rose and his Orchestra.
Plot:
Tony Martin starts the program with “Tonight We Love,”
heard “for the first time anywhere.”
“Shangri-Lahr” opens a Hollywood beauty parlor.
(Lahr played the role of the Cowardly Lion in the 1939 picture The
Wizard of OZ.) An
interesting musical review. Linda
Ware supplies vocals. Frank
Goss was the announcer. Nat
Goldstone was the supervisor. (30
m.)
EPISODE #25
“JUBILEE”
Broadcast of September 1, 1941
Starring: Duke
Ellington, Wonderful Smith and Ethel Waters
Plot: This hour-long all-star negro musical variety revue
originates from both New York and Hollywood.
The first half from NY, the second half via remote from
California. Also in the
musical cast are The Hall Johnson Choir, Hamtree Harrington, Flournoy
Miller, and The Juanita Hall Choir.
This was a reprisal of last year’s production, the only one
repeated but this production ran a full hour, whereas the initial 1940
production ran 30 minutes. This
program did pick up an AFRS production, designed for black GIs, with
different bands beginning October of 1942. (60 m.)